Leisure Time Participation, Psychological Needs and Life Satisfaction in Pre-service Teachers
Abstract
It is thought that, in addition to the responsibilities of daily life, pre-service teachers who try to keep up with the intensity of school life will be able to effectively utilize their remaining limited free time, which will contribute positively to their psychological needs and life satisfaction. Based on this, the aim of this study is to examine leisure time participation, psychological needs and life satisfaction of pre-service teachers according to some variables and to determine the relationship between them. The study group consists of 451 pre-service teachers (288 women and 163 male). Need Satisfaction Scale (NSS) and Life Satisfaction Scale (LSS) were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson and Spearman Correlation tests were used to data analyses. It was determined that the psychological needs and life satisfaction levels of preservice teachers were relatively moderate. While participants’ psychological needs and life satisfaction levels didn’t differ significantly according to gender and grade variables, they differed significantly according to income. Psychological need satisfaction scores of pre-service teachers who participate in sports, cultural/artistic, outdoor and touristic activities in leisure time were higher; it was determined that pre-service teachers who participated in social, outdoor and touristic activities had higher life satisfaction. There was a positive significant relationship between the frequency of participation in recreational activities and the scale scores. On the other hand, the correlation coefficient between the scores obtained from NSS and LSS shows that there is a positive significant relationship between psychological need and life satisfaction scores.
Keywords: Leisure Time, Life Satisfaction, Pre-service Teachers, Psychological Needs.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ak, S. (2019). The investigation of relationship between problematic internet usage on department of educational science students and various psychosocial features. [Unpulished master's thesis]. Uludağ University.
Akbulut, V., Akbulut, B. A., Öncü, E. & Küçük Kılıç, S. (April, 2019). Social connectedness, life satisfaction and subjective happiness: A research on physical education pre-service teachers. 2nd International Recreation and Sports Management Congress, Muğla.
Avcı, E. (2015). Examining the relationships between faculty of education students’ socio cultural status and level of enformatic knowledges and perception of life satisfaction. [Unpulished master's thesis]. Gazi University.
Aydın, A. & Kahraman, N. (2020). Self handicapping in nursing students: Effects on psychological needs and self compassion. Cukurova Medical Journal, 45(4), 1625-1633. https://dx.doi.org/10.17826/cumj.748170
Aydilek, E. (2019). Life satisfaction levels of prospective physical education teachers and attitudes towards the profession of physical education teaching [Unpulished master's thesis]. Ondokuz Mayıs University.
Bacanlı, H., & Cihangir-Çankaya, Z. (2003). İhtiyaç doyumu ölçeği uyarlama çalışması. VII. Ulusal Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Kongresi Bildiri Özetleri. Malatya, İnönü Üniversitesi. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
Bakır, M. (1990). Rekreasyon ve turizm ilişkisinin turizm politikalarının oluşturulmasındaki önemi. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi. İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
Bayraktar, G. (2007). Effect of psychological needings and boldness level of wrestlers on their individual success [Unpulished doctoral dissertation]. Gazi University.
Bradley, R. H., & Corwyn, R. F. (2007). Externalizing problems in fifth grade: relations with productive activity, maternal sensitivity, and harsh parenting from infancy through middle childhood. Developmental Psychology, 43(6), 1390. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1390
Brief, A., P., Butcher, A. H., George, J. M., & Link, K. E. (1993). Integrating bottom-up and top-down theories of subjective well-being: the case of health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(4), 646-53. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.64.4.646
Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2015). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
Caldwell, L., Smith, E., & Weissenger, E. (1992). The relationship of leisure activities and perceived health of college students. Society and Leisure, 15(2), 545-556. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07053436.1992.10715431
Cheung, M. C., Ting, W., Chan, L. Y., Ho, K. S., & Chan, W. M. (2009). Leisure participation and health related quality of life of community dwelling elders in Hong Kong. Asian Journal of Gerontology & Geriatrics, 4(1), 15-23.
Çankaya, Z. C. (2009). Özerklik desteği, temel psikolojik ihtiyaçların doyumu ve öznel iyi olma: Öz-belirleme kuramı. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(31), 23-31.
Çivitçi, A. (2012). The relationships between global life satisfaction and psychological needs in university students. Journal of Çukurova University Institute of Social Sciences, 21(2), 321-336. https://doi.org/10.70989/scd.1652904
Çivitçi, A. (2015). Perceived stress and life satisfaction in college students: Belonging and extracurricular participation as moderators. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 205, 271-281. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.09.077
Çolak, M., Bilgin, U. & Küçük Kılıç, S. (2023). The relationship between leisure time participation, automatic thought and life satisfaction in pre-service teachers. Journal of Education and Recreation Patterns (JERP), 4(2), 283-302.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1991). A motivational approach to self: Integration in personality. Dienstbier, R. (Ed.). In Nebraska symposium on motivation: Perspectives on motivation (pp. 237–288). University of Nebraska Press.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The ‘what’ and ‘why’ of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., Gagne, M, Leone, D. R., Usunov, J., & Kornazheva, B. (2001). Need satisfaction, motivation and well-being in the work organizations of a Former Eastern Bloc Country: A cross-cultural study of self determination. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(8), 930-942. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167201278002
Demir, R. (2017). Investigating teacher candidates’ happiness, optimism, meaning in life and life satisfaction [Unpulished master's thesis]. Gaziantep University.
Derinyar, T. (2022). The relationship between nomophobia, social commitment and life satisfaction: The sample of preservice physical education teacher [Unpulished master's thesis]. Trabzon University.
Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
Dikici, İ. (2020). The investigation of leisure time satisfaction, life satisfaction and happiness of university students who spend their leisure times in youth centres [Unpulished master's thesis]. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University.
Doğan, T. & Eryılmaz, A. (2012). Work-related basic need satisfaction and subjective well-being among academicians. Ege Academic Review, 12(3), 383-389. https://izlik.org/JA96DH52NX
Dolan, P., Kavetsos, G., & Vlaev, I. (2014). The happiness workout. Social Indicators Research, 119(3), 1363–1377.
Drakou, A., Tzetzis, G., & Mamantzi, K. (2008). Leisure constraints experienced by university students in Greece. The Sport Journal, 11(1).
Durmaz, B., & Atamaz, F. (2006). İnme ve hayat kalitesi. Türkiye Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi, 52(özel ek): B45-B49.
Eccles, J. S., Barber, B. L., Stone, M., & Hunt, J. (2003). Extracurricular activities and adolescent development. Journal of Social Issues, 59(4), 865–889. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0022-4537.2003.00095.x
Ekiz, D. (2020). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (6. bs.). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
Eratay, E., Sarı, T. & Kermen, U. (2014). The analysis of need satisfaction levels of special education teachers according to some variables. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Univeristy Jounal of Facult of Education, 15(Special Issıue), 181-189. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2015.15.0-5000128651
Fredricks, J. A., & Eccles, J. S. (2006). Is extracurricular participation associated with beneficial outcomes? Concurrent and longitudinal relations. Developmental Psychology, 42(4), 698–713. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.42.4.698
Fredricks, J. A., & Eccles, J. S. (2008). Participation in extracurricular activities in the middle school years: Are there developmental benefits for African American and European American youth? Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 37(9), 1029–1043. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-008-9309-4
George, D., & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS statistics 25 step by step a simple guide and reference (15th ed.). New York: Routledge.
Gül, Y. E. (2018). Searching of the relationship between tolerance and life satisfaction tendency of the teacher candidates [Unpulished doctoral dissertation]. Kırgızistan-Türkiye Manas University.
Gündoğdu, R. & Yavuzer, Y. (2012). Examining subjective well-being and psychological needs of students at the educational faculty according to demographic variables. MAKU Journal of Faculty of Education, 12(23), 115 – 131.
Hamer, M., Stamatakis, E., & Steptoe, A. (2009). Dose-response relationship between physical activity and mental health: The Scottish health survey. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(14), 1111–1114. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.046243
Hayosh, T. (2017). Engagement is serious leisure as practice for coping with the stress of daily life. World Leisure Journal, 59(3), 206-217. https://doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2017.1345485
Henderson, K. A. (2010). Leisure studies in the 21st century: The sky is falling?. Leisure Sciences, 32(4), 391-400. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2010.488614
Heo, J., & Lee, Y. (2010). Serious leisure, health perception, dispositional optimism, and life satisfaction among senior games participants. Educational Gerontology, 36(2), 112-126. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601270903058523
Iwasaki, Y. (2017). Leisure and meaning-making: Implications for rehabilitation to engage persons with disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 46(2), 225–232. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-160858
Jovanović, V. (2017). Measurement invariance of the Serbian version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale across age, gender, and time. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 35(4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000410
Kahneman, D., & Deaton, A. (2010). High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(38), 16489–16493. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1011492107
Karagöz, Y. (2016). SPSS ve AMOS 23 uygulamaları. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
Karaküçük, S. (2008). Rekreasyon: Boş zamanları değerlendirme. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
Karasar, N. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
Kim, S., Sung, J., Park, J., & Ditmore, S. W (2015). The relationship among leisure attitude, satisfaction, and psychological well-being for college students. Journal of Physical Education and Sport (JPES), 15(1), 70-76. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2015.01012
Kim, J., & Park, S. H. (2018). Leisure and health benefits among Korean adolescents with visual impairments. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 13(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2018.1435097
Koçak, F. (2016). Cycling in Turkey: Reasons and benefits of cycling. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 5760- 5771. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4190
Küçük Kılıç, S., Akbulut, V., Öncü, E. & Parlak, F. (May, 2018). A study on leisure time participation, university adjustment and life satisfaction: The case of university students. International Recreation and Sports Management Congress, Muğla.
Küçük Kılıç, S., Öncü, E. & Bozyiğit, E. (May, 2022). Perceived freedom in leisure and life satisfaction: A study on pre-service teacher. 3rd International Recreation and Sports Management Congress, Antalya.
Larson, R. W., Moneta, G., Richards, M. H., & Wilson S. (2002). Continuity, stability, and change in daily emotional experience across adolescence. Child Development, 73(4), 1151-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00464
Leitner, M. J. & Leitner, S. F. (2012). Leisure enhancement. Sagamore Publications.
Leversen, I., Danielsen, A. G., Birkeland, M. S., & Samdal, O. (2012). Basic psychological need satisfaction in leisure activities and adolescents' life satisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, (12), 1588-99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9776-5
Menec, V. (2003). The relationship between everyday activities and successful aging: A 6-year longitudinal study. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, Series B, 58(2), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/58.2.s74
Miliazim Memet, N. (2022). Examination of variables affecting the entrepreneurship skills and life satisfaction of students member of university communities. [Unpulished master's thesis]. Ondokuz Mayıs University.
Morgan, K., & Bath, P. A. (1998). Customary physical activity and psychological well being: A longitudinal study. Age and Ageing, 27, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/27.suppl_3.35
Mull, R. F., Bayless, K. G. & Jamieson, L. M. (2005). Recreational management. Human Kinetics, USA.
Murphy, H. (2003). Exploring leisure and psychological health and wellbeing: Some problematic issues in the case of Northern ireland. Leisure Studies, 22(1), 37-50.
Orkibi, H. & Ronen, T. (2017). Basic psychological needs satisfaction mediates the association between self-control skills and subjective well-being. Front Psychology, 8, 936. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00936
Özaydın, N., Sevinç, S. & Deniz, M. E. (2014). An examination of psychological need and life satisfactions of students receiving vocational music education. SED Journal of Art Education, 2(1), 102, 111. https://doi.org/10.7816/sed-02-01-05
Passmore, A., & French, D. (2001). Development and administration of a measure to assess adolescents’ participation. Adolescence, 36(141), 67-75.
Ramazanoğlu, F., Altungül, O., & Özer, A. (2004). Sportif açıdan rekreasyon etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesi. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 176.
Rapport, Z. (2007). Using choice theory to assess the needs of persons who have a disability and sexual/intimacy/romantic issues. International Journal of Reality Therapy, 27(1), 22-25.
Riddick, C. C., & Stewart, D. G. (1994). An examination of the life satisfaction and importance of leisure in the lives of older female retirees: A comparison of blacks and whites. Journal of Leisure Research, 26(1), 75–87.
Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychology needs in motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford Publications.
Shin, K., & You, S. (2013). Leisure type, leisure satisfaction and adolescents’ psychological wellbeing. Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology, 7(2), 53-62.
Sirgy, M. J., & Wu, J. (2009). The pleasant life, the engaged life, and the meaningful life: What about the balanced life? Journall of Happiness Studies, 10, 183-196.
Şat, A., Doğan, H. & Amil, O. (2015). Investigation of psychological needs and job satisfaction of academicians are working in universities in terms of some variables: Kayseri sample. OPUS Journal of Society Research, 5(8), 112-132. https://izlik.org/JA72YN23PP
Tezcan, M. (1994). Boş zamanların değerlendirilmesi sosyolojisi. Ankara: Atilla Kitabevi.
Toprak, H. (2014). Psychological resilience and satisfaction of psychological needs as predictors of subjective well- being and life satisfaction in the adolescents. [Unpulished master's thesis]. Sakarya University.
Türk, N. (2013). Investigating the academic's basic psychological needs and level of need satisfaction through different variables. [Unpulished master's thesis]. Marmara University.
Walker, G. J., & Kono, S. (2016). The effects of basic psychological need satisfaction during leisure and paid work on global life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(1), 36-47. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2017.1374439
Warr, P., Butcher, V., & Robertson, I. (2004). Activity and psychological wellbeing in older people. Aging & Mental Health, 8(2), 172-183.
White, R. L., Babic, M. J., Parker, P. D., Lubans, D. R., Astell-Burt, T., & Lonsdale, C. (2017). Domainspecific physical activity and mental health: A meta-analysis. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 52(5), 653–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.12.008
Yeşilyurt, C. (2019). Analysis of relationship between motivation, subjective well-being and basic psychological need satisfaction in recreational cyclists. [Unpulished doctoral dissertation]. Dokuz Eylül University.
Yetim, Ü. (1991). Life satisfaction in terms of organization and pattern of personal projects [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Ege University.,
Yıldırım, Y. (2019). The relationship between physical activities of university students who do and do not do exercise and their levels of satisfaction with life. [Unpulished master's thesis]. Sakarya University of Applied Sciences.
Yılmaz, S. (2004). Serçeme vadisinin rekreasyonel kullanım potansiyelinin belirlenmesi. Ekoloji Çevre Dergisi, 13(51), 1-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53016/jerp.v7i1.335
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The Journal of Education and Recreation Patterns © 2023 by The Journal of Education and Recreation Patterns is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
